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Effects of Glucosamine


Glucosamine is a natural dietary supplement that lacks the damaging side effects and long term toxicity of COX-2 inhibitors or NSAIDS such as ibuprofen or aspirin.
Glucosamine is one of the most abundant monosaccharides.  Glucosamine contains an amino group that is positively charged at physiological pH.  Glucosamine is also extensively used in veterinary medicine as an unregulated but widely accepted supplement.  Glucosamine effects in humans: a review of effects on glucose metabolism, side effects, safety considerations and efficacy.  Glucosamine decreases expression of anabolic and catabolic genes in human osteoarthritic cartilage explants.  Glucosamine sulfate suppresses the expressions of urokinase plasminogen activator and inhibitor and gelatinases during the early stage of osteoarthritis.
Common Dosage of Glucosamine
Since glucosamine is a precursor for glycosaminoglycans, and glycosaminoglycans are a major component of joint cartilage, supplemental glucosamine may help to rebuild cartilage and treat arthritis.  A typical dosage of glucosamine salt is 1,500 mg per day.  
Common Sold Forms of Glucosamine
Commonly sold forms of glucosamine are glucosamine sulfate and glucosamine hydrochloride.  The amount of glucosamine present in 1500 mg of glucosamine salt will depend on which anion is present and whether additional salts are included in the manufacturer's calculation.  Glucosamine is often sold in combination with other supplements such as chondroitin sulfate and methylsulfonylmethane.  
Allergies and Glucosamine
Glucosamine is usually derived from shellfish, those allergic to shellfish may wish to stay away.  However, since glucosamine is derived from the shells of these animals while the allergen is within the flesh of the animals, it is probably safe even for those with shellfish allergy.  
glucosamine.
Diabetics
Insulin levels with Glucosamine (HCL or Sulfate) can be subject to fluctuations, particularly in diabetics. Glucosamine is technically a carbohydrate (a sugar), but the body is not able to convert Glucosamine into Glucose. Hence, Glucosamine does not directly provide additional sources of Glucose. In diabetic patients, many factors can lead to changing blood levels and as a result it is very important to check with your doctor prior to initiating Glucosamine therapy and to be sure to be very careful about monitoring your blood sugar levels while on Glucosamine. Read the latest update on Glucosamine for Diabetics.
Pregnant or Lactating Women
Pregnant women should avoid Glucosamine. There have not been enough long term studies on the fetus to clearly say that Glucosamine is 100% safe for the developing fetus. There is no evidence that it would be harmful but it would be best to be safe in a situation such as this.
Overdose
Extremely high levels of Glucosamine (many times the daily dose) can cause gastric fluctuations such as soft stools, diarrhea or nausea. Glucosamine does not have to be taken with meals but it would be convenient to mix with a drink when you take it if you so desired.

Effects of Glucosamine

    

 

        Why  

Glucosamine

is Good for You

by: Scott Smith

If you suffer from joint pain, you are probably taking medications known as NSAIDS. NSAIDS, either prescription strength or over the counter, can cause serious side effects such as raising your risk for heart attack or bleeding ulcers. So what is the alternative to relieve the pain? Research has shown that persons suffering from joint pain can obtain relief by taking Glucosamine.
Glucosamine is an amino sugar that is made by the body’s tissues. Glycosaminoglycan is a chief element found in joint cartilage. By taking glucosamine, you are not just treating the pain in your joints, you are aiding in the repair of damaged cartilage. Although, those who have injured their joints to the point of having little to no cartilage left, or those who have had surgery to remove cartilage, most likely will not see any benefits basically because it is not possible to repair cartilage that no longer exists.
Research has shown that glucosamine encourages the production of proteins in the body. As we get older, our body does not make as many proteins as it did in our youth, causing our cartilage to become damaged or even disappear. The end result is a disease known as osteoarthritis. Glucosamine can slow or possibly reverse the damage of this disease.
Joint damage is not just for the elderly, though. Athletes that train hard and put a lot of pressure on their joints by performing repetitive actions constantly also suffer from joint pain and damage. The most common joint injuries for athletes involve those in the knees and elbows. An athlete could take glucosamine and help repair the damage they have done to their joints and not suffer the side effects related to NSAIDS.
Glucosamine can be taken orally, and comes in either pills or liquid form. There are glucosamine creams that are available, however, it has not been proven that glucosamine can be absorbed effectively through the skin.
Persons that suffer from allergies to shellfish like crab and shrimp need to be forewarned that glucosamine is made from the shells of shellfish. Even so, it may still be safe for these sufferers to take glucosamine safely as the allergen that affects them is usually found within the flesh of the shellfish not the shell itself.
Some potential side effects of taking glucosamine include nausea, heartburn, drowsiness, rashes on the skin, and headaches. These side effects are not nearly as serious as those found from taking NSAIDS.
Before starting a glucosamine treatment plan, have a discussion with your health care provider. By working with your health care provider, you can be assured that you are taking the correct amount of glucosamine for you. Also, your health care provider may recommend taking another supplement called chondroitin sulfate to boost the effects of glucosamine’s reparative ability. Chondroitin Sulfate helps by drawing water into the cartilage causing it to be more elastic.
By taking glucosamine, you are healing your body and reducing the pain that your are feeling. On the other hand, if you are taking NSAIDS, you are just covering up the pain and the damage continues.
 

Glucosamine From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation, search Glucosamine IUPAC name (3R,4R,5S,6R)- 3-Amino-6- (hydroxymethyl)oxane-2,4,5-triol Other names 2-Amino-2-deoxy-D-glucose chitosamine Identifiers CAS number [3416-24-8] PubChem 439213 MeSH Glucosamine SMILES C([C@@H]1[C@H]([C@@H] ([C@H](C(O1)O)N)O)O)O Properties Molecular formula C6H13NO5 Molar mass 179.17 g/mol Melting point 150 °C, 423 K, 302 °F Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa) Infobox disclaimer and references Glucosamine (C6H13NO5) is an amino sugar and a prominent precursor in the biochemical synthesis of glycosylated proteins and lipids. A type of glucosamine forms chitin, which composes the exoskeletons of crustaceans and other arthropods, cell walls in fungi and many higher organisms. Glucosamine is one of the most abundant monosaccharides.[1] It is produced commercially by the hydrolysis of crustacean exoskeletons or, less commonly and more expensive to the consumer, by fermentation of a grain such as corn or wheat. Glucosamine is commonly used as a treatment for osteoarthritis, although its acceptance as a medical therapy varies.


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